G protein–coupled estrogen receptor: a promising therapeutic target for aldosterone-induced hypertension

Aldosterone is one of the most essential hormones synthesized by adrenal gland because it regulates water and electrolyte balance. G protein–coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) a newly discovered aldosterone receptor, which proposed to mediate non-genomic pathways while hormone simultaneously interacts with mineralocorticoid receptor. In contrast its cardio-protective role in postmenopausal women via interaction estrogen, GPER seems trigger vasoconstriction effects can further induce sodium retention presence aldosterone, indicating two entirely different binding sites for aldosterone. Accumulating evidence also points mediating hypertension risk factors GPER. Therefore, this review, we aimed summarize research on these interactions help (1) elucidate activated blood vessels, heart, kidney; (2) compare actions between mediated GPER; (3) address potential as new promising therapeutic target aldosterone-induced hypertension.